Figure 3From: Angiotensin II directly regulates intestinal epithelial NHE3 in Caco2BBE cellsAngiotensin II increases NHE3 gene transcription. (A) Monolayers were treated with AII (1 nM, basolaterally) for varying times and RNA harvested and analyzed for NHE3 mRNA by real-time PCR. GAPDH was used as a constitutive mRNA control and NHE3 mRNA increases calculated by the ΔΔCt method (33). Values are means ± SEM for four separate experiments. * P < 0.05 + P < 0.01 ++ P < 0.001 compared with zero time untreated control by analysis of variance using a Bonferroni correction. (B) Monolayers were transfected with plasmids containing a 2200 bp segment of the rat NHE3 gene promoter linked to firefly luciferase cDNA and another with the thymidine kinase promoter linked to Renilla luciferase as a constitutive control. Cells were treated with AII (0–1 μM) 24 hours after transfection and monolayers were harvested and luciferase activities measured after 24 hours. Values are means ± SEM for four separate experiments. * p < 0.05 compared with untreated zero time control by analysis of variance using a Bonferroni correction.Back to article page