Fig. 2
From: Disulfide high mobility group box-1 causes bladder pain through bladder Toll-like receptor 4
Bladder histology after disulfide HMGB1 and pretreatment with intravesical or intraperitoneal HMGB1 receptor antagonists. (a) Intravesical vehicle control instillation (n = 5), (b) intravesical TAK242 (n = 4), (c) intraperitoneal TLR4 antagonist TAK242 (n = 5), (d) 10 μg disulfide HMGB1 induced submucosal fibrosis with lamina propria expansion (black arrows) (n = 6), (e) intravesical FPS-ZM1 pretreatment (n = 6) or (f) intraperitoneal RAGE antagonist FPS-ZM1 (n = 3)