Figure 3

Twelve month heart rate and activity data for Bear 4 (#R4041; male) and Bear 5 (#2123; male shot by hunter). Average daytime heart rate (blue; 08:00-20:00), average nightly heart rate (red; 0:00-04:00 AM), and daily activity (black line) are shown. Initiation of denning, elevated heart rates following device implantation and during den visit in mid-December, and a shift towards nocturnal behavior in the fall are evident. The ICM in bear 4 ceased reporting activity data in early June during a period associated with an elevated heart rate which is the height of the breeding season. The cause of the data loss is not yet known since the device remains implanted, but the activity circuitry may have been damaged. Bear 5 was legally shot and killed by a hunter during the study period, resulting in a cessation of data collection. This bear was held in a wildlife recovery center until late spring, resulting in an a typical increase in heart rate and activity during the month of May.