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Table 2 Pressure responses to transcranial magnetic stimulation

From: Inspiratory resistances facilitate the diaphragm response to transcranial stimulation in humans

 

Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation

 

R0

R5

R20

 

Inspiration

Expiration

Inspiration

Expiration

Inspiration

Expiration

Pes

5.8 ± 5.6

3.9 ± 5.8

7.1 ± 4.8

4.1 ± 6.3

8.7 ± 7.5

4.4 ± 4.0

Pga

1.6 ± 1.4

1.1 ± 2.0

1.6 ± 1.4

1.5 ± 2.6

1.3 ± 1.8

1.4 ± 1.7

Pdi

7.1 ± 6.8

5.1 ± 7.8

8.7 ± 6.1

5.6 ± 8.8

10.1 ± 8.5

5.8 ± 5.4

  1. Mean values (± SD) of esophageal (Pes), gastric (Pga) and transdiaphragmatic (Pdi) pressure (in cmH2O) in response to transcranial magnetic stimulation while the subjects were breathing room air (R0) or against a resistance of either 5 (R5) or 20 (R20) cmH2O/l/s. Stimulations were applied either during early inspiration or late expiration.